One doesn't have to be an ornithologist to participate in Audubon's annual census of bird populations. The leader-coordinator for each count 'circle' typically is a well-trained expert birder, but they rely on the contribution of thousands of 'citizen scientist' volunteers to insure the success of this annual event.
History of the Christmas Bird Count (CBC)
As the 19th century drew to a close, bird populations were unprotected and threatened. In fact, one annual event was designed to kill large numbers of birds for sport alone. Called 'the Side Hunt', this was a competition where participants chose sides to see which team could shoot and kill the most birds.
An ornithologist at the American Museum of Natural History, Frank Chapman, was appalled by the Side Hunt, and decided to create an alternative activity. Chapman's plan was to count birds instead of killing them, and this first Christmas Bird Count was held in 1900. Five years later, Chapman was also instrumental in founding the National Audubon Society, which adopted and expanded the annual Christmas count.
As might be expected, much has changed in 112 years. Chapman's first Christmas Bird Count consisted of just 27 observers in 25 locations from California to Ontario, and 90 species were documented. By contrast, last year's count (the 111th) involved more than 62,000 observers in 20 countries and territories, including much of the Western Hemisphere and some Pacific islands. 2,250 bird species were documented, which represents about 22 percent of the world's total. Complete statistical summaries and commentary can be found in the society's annual publication, American Birds.
When and How the CBC Takes Place
The Christmas Bird Count involves separate 'count circles', which are 24 kilometers, or 15 miles, in diameter. Previously established count circles continue to be used each year, and new ones are added where resources and interest dictate. Each circle is managed by a Compiler, the person who determines the date of the count and recruits volunteers to help. The Compiler assigns counting areas within the circle, compiles the results and submits them to the National Audubon Society.
Counting dates are chosen between December 14 and January 5, and participants record the total number of birds by species either observed directly or identified by vocalization. Beginning birders are welcomed as well as more experienced volunteers, and participants often join more than one count.
How to Join this Year's Christmas Bird Count
Information about count circles in any given area can be found on the National Audubon's web site, at their CBC 'Get Involved' page. Early in December, this page provides access to 'Count Date Search', where one can find essential information about any of the count circles. After selecting an individual circle, the page shows the Compiler's name, 4-character circle code and name, the count date and whether or not the circle is open for advanced (online) registration ('yes', 'no' or 'contact the Compiler'). Click on the 4-character circle code to get contact and registration information.
If you have not participated before, you need to create an account with your username, password, name, address and email. Once you select a circle, click on 'circle sign up here' and enter your username and password (or register as a new user) and complete the online payment form. Volunteers over the age of 18 are required to pay a fee of five dollars per circle, or a flat fee of $20 for five or more circles. A single online payment can apply to the registration of 2 persons and 7 circles, and if one of the participants is 18 or younger, fees for both are waived. Membership in the National Audubon Society is not required.
Participating in the Audubon Society's annual CBC is as fun as it is valuable. It is a great way to meet other birders, learn more about the birds in your area and make a significant contribution to the knowledge and conservation of bird species everywhere.
Bob Bowers - A lifelong naturalist and amateur ornithologist, Bob's avocation is studying, photographing and writing about birds.
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